![]() Changing only the outer number requires the fewest possible changes to the page of characters, which means the smallest possible charge to the publisher. In this arrangement, all the printer need do is "rub off" the last number in sequence. In practice, if the plates (in offset printing) have been kept, a number can be erased, but nothing can be added. With each successive reprint, the publisher needs to instruct the printer to change the impression number. Why numbers are removed rather than added Book collectors tend to define first edition as the first printing of the first edition. first printing īibliographers usually define a first edition as all printings from substantially the same type setting, no matter how many printings are done. The examples above are not exhaustive, and other key configurations may be used. contracted to Acme Printing Corporation.The hypothetical printer's key above means When the publisher outsources the printing to a contractor, a code identifying the contracting printer may occasionally be shown: Specifically, it is the particular imprint's second impression of the edition. This indicates a second printing (or second impression) and that it occurred in 1970. In other cases, number lines may include a date segment consisting of two-digit year codes: In some cases, rather than follow in unidirectional sequence, the numbers may alternate from left to right: The series may be in descending or ascending sequence: However its structure or presentation is not uniform, as shown in the following examples. Usually, the printer's key is a series of non-repeating numbers or letters.
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